Pangeran Raja Abdul Gani Natadiningrat III Dekarangga of Cirebon-Kacirebonan

When 11 years ago this monarch succeeded his very popular grandfather Pangeran Mulyono Amir Natadingrat II he brought himself into trouble, because he then wanted to take the sultan's title, which was according to tradition not the title of the Cirebon-Kacirebonan king and so the Indonesian government thought of total abolishing the Cirebon-Kacirebonan palace. But all was settled later in peace.
Cirebon is one of the religious symbol places of Indonesia; in this case for W-Java. The rulers descent of one of the so called wali Songo, or 11 bringers of islam to Java. Later the dynasty was divided into 3 dynasties: that of Kasepuhan(the main one), Kanoman, Kacirebonan and even in the end of the 18th century a 4th dynasty; shortlived, came into being : that of Kaprobonan. Eact had it;s own spehere of influence in Cirebon town and also in the sultanate.
Because of not well-organised circumstances the Dutch decided to abolish the real sultan's government of Cirebon in 1819, but allowed the kings and their succesors to stay on as important symbols of the royal system. When the local people was seeking for their own identity in the struggle for independence after WW II they rediscovered their kings, who all the time had preserved the local culture and also most of ghe relguous old traditions. From that time on the kings were kings of their area again, but officially with no power.
Shortly before the abolishment of monarchy of Cirebon the monarchy of Cirebon-Kaprobonan was abolsihed and the area divided among some of the dynastybranches, although the dynastybranch of Cirebon-kaprobonan still exists until the present time.
Many say, that the palace of Cirebon-Kaprobonan has the most original Javanese atmosphere.

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Anak Agung Ngurah Ugrasena of Buleleng

Because the Dutch already put direct rule in Buleleng in 1872 after the deposition of the then monarch the relgious influence of the west also was more strong than elsehere on Bali. The last Raja of Buleleng became protestant Christian, but some of his familymembers remained Hindu, like the present dynastychief of Buleleng, who is a grandson of the last raja. The dynasty still has not decided fully, that he wil be the new king of Buleleng, because they want, that he must proff himself as a good and non-egoistic monarch.
He is doing much into tourism and is f.i. chief of the local board of tourism.
When the monarchies of Bali were restored in 1937, the greatgrandfather of the present dynastychief was put on the throne.He already was ruling then for 8 years as semi-independent monarch of Buleleng.

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Raja Muda H. Aji Bahrul Hadi of Gunung Tabur

Before the Sultan of Gunung Tabur ruled over the NE part of Indonesian Kalimantan and could be described as the most powerfull kings of that part of Kalimantan. That kingdom then was called berau and consisted of Gunung Tabur, Sam- baliung, Bulungan and the vasal area north of Bulungan. End 18th century Bulungan became a total independent kingdom, in the first quarter it was the turn for sambaliung to become an independent sultanate.
The present monarch of Gunung Tabur is the son of the last Sultan here: Sultan Aji Raden Muhammad Ayub.
Extraordinary enough, is that the palaces of Gunung Tabur and Sambaliung are lying to the opposite of each other; opposite of a river.
They are branches of the same dynasty. The Berau kingdom also existed for several centuries.
The Bulungan, Sambaliung, Gunung Tabur and Kutai dynasties are much related with each other.
Also here the feeling for their own historical identity is quite strong. The present monarch is a local politician.

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Sultan Syarif Abubakar Alkadri of Pontianak

The Pontianak sultanate in W-Kalimantan only exists relative shortly: since 1772.
Then a businessman and descendant of the islamreligion founder Muhammad from S-Yemen; with contacts in several Kalimantan royal families, took a strategic area, which wasn't occupated because the people said was haunted by the spirits of mother, who died when given birth to babies.
Soon Pontianak became a sort of Singapore for W-Kalimantan and the dynasty now still is much occupied in business. It is also the main dynasty of W-Kalimantan in the field of political ambitious feelings.
In WW II all the kings at least of W-Kalimantan were murdured by the Japanese occupationforces, because being afriad, that the kings would work together again strongly with Holland. The present Sultan is son of the former crownprince, who also was killed in 1944.
The present Sultan is now married with a 2nd queen after the death of his first queen.
Pontianak is also called as the Venetia of W-Kalimantan and is actually an immigrants sultanate; consisted of several big group of peoples, who made agreements about the system of the state some centuries ago and where the sultan always worked closely together with the several peoples. He is the 9th sultan of Pontianak.

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Calon-Sultan Muhammad Abdurahman Daeng Raja Dewa of Sumbawa

Also called Daeng Muhammad Abdurahman Kaharuddin. He is the only son of the last ruling Sultan of Sumbawa and only has daughters, so probably he will be succeeded in due time by a grandson. This monarch is a rare example (together with for instance the Raja of Kupang on Timor) of a king, who says, that to serve his people is the main thing in his life and to be installed in glorious festivities as king of Sumbawa is a thing of later importance. Also he was in that field active in real politics and tried in 2005 to become Bupati of Sumbawa and even later to become Governor of Nusa Tenggara barat Province,but for that you already must have a political development locally.
He is former bankdirector and has a quite pilosophical mind.
Also one of the few Indonesian kings,who has a real crown.
The main royalty of the Sumbawa island are all family of each other.
The Sumbawa kingdom like some other big kingdoms in Indonesia already exists for several centuries.
In Sumbawa the Buginese and Makassarese influence from SW Sulawesi and family links also are quite big.

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Sultan Sri Kesuma Negara V of Sintang

Sintang is the only big kingdom which lies in the inland of West-Kalimantan.
In 2005 he was installed as the 29th monarch of Sintang with title Panembahan and in 2006 he found it the time to install himself as Sultan. That installation (see picture) was more official. On the picture the monarch in the middle of his installationceremony holds the royal statekeris, which is the main symbol of power of the Sintang kings.
1 month before his installation as king his wife Ratu Maria Ulfah died. Now he is maried again to a 2nd queen. Sintang was the most powerfull of the so-called Kapuas area and held more or less some sway, or at least influence over the little stateletts to the west.
The title Sultan wasn't much used in Sintang;mostly they spoke about Panembahan.
Nowadays the monarch also uses the title Pangeran Ratu to describe, that officially the monarch is now a moral king and not a government king (then he would only use the title Sultan).
Some years ago there was some problem, that the government would take the main palace of the kings and restaurate it and then put it into a museum, which was dome elsewhere in Indonesia for several times, but that plan was changed fortunately.
The Sintang area is knows for their enormous hunger to know about their history and culture in the modern time; the Melayu culture as well as the Dayak culture. It is very interesting to know, that the Sultan strongly works together with an original Dutch Roman Catholic Priest called Father Maessen and together they already could achieve very big results in the field of the preservance of the local culture and history, which are examplary for Indonesia.

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Sultan Mudzafar II Syah of Ternate

When you want to make it complete you should put Masjur Kamo Lano behind his name. Before his predessors had even more elaborate titles.
When his father Sultan Iskandar Muhammad Djabir Syah (the last ruling sultan) died in 1975 his crownprince Mudafar became quite political active for his area and remained as such through out his life until now. In 1987 he installed himself as Sultan of Ternate, but in that time that wasn't recognized officially.
He is married now with his 4th wife, which is a princess of Surakarta.
In 2000 he was in the middle of a poltical crisis in the N-Moluccans, but now he is in more peacefull political waters. He laso was before chief of the main Indonesian political party in the N-Moluccans(Golkar)and chief of the local parliament,but now he shifted his activities more to the direct welfare of his people,business and his tasks as chief of the Forum Komunikasi dan Informasi Keraton se Nusantara;the 2nd biggest representative organisation of the Indonesian dynasties.
His crown is quite a religious symbol (in other parts of Indonesia the crown is just more a decorative symbol taken from the western culture). It is said, that it contains hair of the first muslim Sultan of Ternate, who ruled 5 centuries ago.To discuss about this item is now not important,more important, that Ternate before in history was only the 3rd dynasty of 4 of the Moluccans,but because of clever politics it became the first powerfull of the Moluccans. The raja dynasty of Loloda in West-Halmaheira says, that is is descended from a Ternate sultan and the Sultan's dynasty of Jailo was since several centuries under the political umbrella of Ternate. It's powerbase in the N-Moluccans is more to the west. Before the total Moluccans and the westpart of West-Paua was under the influence of the 4 N-Moluccan sultans.
Even in the Christian part of Indonesia the Sultan has family links, because his daughter Princess Mira Syah is maried with the Raja of Amarasi on Timor: Raja Robert Koroh.
The main issue now is to setle, is that not each of the 4 sultanate area's tries to make his area the most important, but to work together in true harmomny and that is everywhere in the world the most difficult thing.
In the N-Moluccans they have the Moloku Kie Raha system:the system of the 4 Kings of the mountains (the volcano's seen as mountains).
In Ternate they don't have a real father to son succesionsystem. A candidate is selected by the traditional system chiefs and the Sultan. That has not been done yet. Maybe the oldest som Prince Ismunandar Aim Syah will be the crownprince later.
The Sultan is known as a quite educated man and also still speaks even Dutch.
At least all educated Indonesian people are proud, that they are still friends with their former colonisers, from which they became free from 1945-1949. In Indonesia it is like: when the problemaffair is over there is no need to obstruct, that you can become friend again with your so-called former enemy.

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Tjokorda Ngurah Jambe Pemecutan;the 9th Tjokorda of Badung-Denpasar

The in SE-lying principality of Badung is in fact divided into 2 main raja branches of 1 dynasty: the one of Badung-Denpasar and the one of Badung-Pemecutan.
Because of historical developments the Denpasar-line had the opportunity to rule as paramount-ruler and the Pemecutan-line had more religious tasks. Then there was also the Badung-Kesiman line, which was ca. 150 years ago the most powerfull, but which withdrew from active politics of the total principality.
After the World War II the grandfather of the present Badung-Denpasar raja was asked to step down as paramount-ruler of Badung and the father of the present Badung-Pemecutan raja became his succesor.
In Bali you have the mebhiseka ratu rituals,which makes a raja a real monarch. Only a few dynastychiefs now are installed as such.But you can divide this ritual into 3 degrees. The mebhiseka ratu kecil(little), the mebhiseka ratu besar (big) and the mebhiseka ratu besar dan lengkap(most extended). The present Badung-Denpasar raja went through the last stage 25-11-2005.Before he was known as Tjokorda Ngurah Mayun Samirana.
He is not so really active in politics, but he has 2 cousins,who are Anak Agung Ngurah Ratmadi was before Bupati (districtchief) of Badung and his brother (former Lord Mayor of Denpasar town); Anak Agung Ngurah Puspayoga; won medio july 2008 the Governor elections for Bali.
This raja is however the chief of the Forum Silaturahmi Keraton se Nusantara( the Friendship Union of the Indonesian Palaces), which is the biggest representative organisation of the Indonesian dynasties.
When he was cornonated in 2005 they used a copy of the original glden crown is since the putting down of the Bali rebellion in 1906 onwards in a museum in Leiden. Maybe ever that will come back.
Both main rajas at least of badung have their own sphere of influence in Denpasar town for instance.The palace of the Badung-Denpasar raja is in the east of Denpasar. His oldest son is not installed as crownprince yet,because he still much learn a lot of the traditions of the royal court.

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Tuanku Luckman Sinar Basyarsyah II of Serdang

(Pictured : Media Deli in Serdang)

Serdang was founded by the oldest son of a Deli king after a problem in the succesion there. That was in 1723. Sultan Basarsyah II is the 8th king of Serdang.
Very extraordinary, that from the beginning of the rule of his father Sultan Sulaiman Syariful Alamsyah (his complete ruling name) and the present time; the moral/nominal-rule of Sultan Basarsyah II is 129 years. His father began to rule in 1879 as a very young king and ruled for 67 years. Then 2 of his briothers had the title Sultan. Sultan basarsyah is one of the youngest children of his father.
Before he was known as Tengku Luckman Sinar Syah. Before he also was a sort of king, but then the uncrowned king of the history of north- and east-Sumatra.
He wrote many books and articles and gave many readings. He is one of the examplary persons in Indonesia,who preserve and describe the rich Indonesian culture and history, that talent and need was also enherited by some of his children.
He is also the driving force in East-Sumatra (in Indonesia they say North Sumatra) behind the good describing and giving an effective function to the existence of the royal- and princely dynasties there.he speaks several languages, f.i. Dutch (which is neccesarily to read the good descriptions of Indonesian history and culture).
(Many people say: the history of Indonesia lies in the archives of Holland).
Without this king many culture and history would have been lost. And: one of the functions of a king is,that he knows his own history and culture and can describe it. So he is a rather good king then according to that principle.

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Anak Agung Gde Sudewa Djelantik of Karangasem

Karangasem was before very powerfull; ruled several other principalities like Buleleng in the north of Bali and nearby lying island of Lombok.
Some kings on Bali are really functioning as king, ohters also like to function as scientific scholars like this raja.
Karangasem was before the biggest friend of Holland, the most friendly principality concerning political- and social developments and the most modern (but with a strong feeling for it's local culture).

His uncle Dr. Anak Agung Made Djelantik was for a time the unofficial chief of the dynasty,but when he found himself to old for that some years, he took up his rightfull position.
Karangasem always was good in taking the good things of the Eastern- and the Western culture.


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Dynastychief Mokole Kumampu Marunduh of Mori

Mori is a quite big principality in East-Sulawesi. The last Mokole, or Raja was his father Mokole Owolu Marunduh. This raja refused to take a position in WW II against the Dutch, because he had discivered before, that the Dutch also had good intentions to develop his principality.
He helped anti-Japanese rebels and so did the people. For his pro-Dutch opinion he was deposed in 1942 and replaced by his son Mokole Besau Marunduh. In 1945 he was restored again.
Being the oldest surviving son of his father he now is the temporary-dynastychief of Mori. But there are plans later to install a younger prince of the dynasty as new Mokole.
The dynasty was and still is a dedicated dynasty to the well-being of it's people. Before they were and still are. They always were known as hardworking people.
So a dynasty examplary for others.
A dynasty, which wanted to serve it's people and not a people,who were servants of it's monarchs.


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Anak Agung Gde Agung II of Gianyar

Before his father Anak Agung Gde Agung I was the most influential raja of Bali, prime-minister of the former state of East-Indonesia, great local historian.

When this raja died some years ago,he became succesor to his father and also was accepted as a minister in the first government of the time, when a government was fully freely elected. More or less he was that as representative of Bali. He was that not for long.
Later he disappeared from the limelight again and many people don't know much about him now.

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Raja H. Abdul Gafur Ibrahim Dasi of Lamakera

Lamakera also lies on the island of Solor; on the extreme east.
It is the only principality in Indonesia living on the catcing of whales, which swim between this principality and the nearby island of Lembata (Lomblem to the east), where the place of Lamalera is the other place of whalescathing.
Because of the environment polution and other reasons the whalecatching diminished.
The Raja of lamakera and of Lohayong alays were friends of Holland, because this country left these principalities alone instead of Portugal, who tried to push forward to much it's culture and religion.
The capital of Lamakera is built like a birdcolony on a rock.
The principality is little but well organised. In Lamakera there is a strong feeling of history,because they know,that they were important before.
Before he succeeded his brother as raja, this friendly monarch was government official.


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Raja H. Achmad Kalake of Lohayong

Lohayong are descended from the rajas of the Solor island(east of Flores), who before ruled the total Solor area (especially Adonara, Solor and some other areas).
Solor was very important (because of it's strategic position) as entrepot of the spices from the Moluccans on it's way to Java (and the via Singapore to Europe).
Later this position diminished a bit, because of improvement of means of transport, but it's strategic position in itself remained.
The rajas of Lohayong also were traders.
Raja Achmad Kalake is an example of a monarch, who is proud about his dynastie's history. He is a quite fanatic collector of everything,what has to do with the history of Lohayong and areas surrounding it.
The monarchy rule on Solor is on the right part of the island. This is an island without cars,but full of history. One of the most impressive islands of Indonesia I ever was.

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Raja Muda Muhammad Marzuki Nampira of Alor

Actually the Raja Family Nampira of Alor on the island of the same name was before merely Kapitans of Dulolong, on the other side of the Kalabahi bay of the residence of the rajas of Alor of the what they now call the Tulimau dynasty.
Several rajas of this dynasty were extremely non-cooperating, not suitable totally to be rajas and maybe some other reasons.
That is why the Dutch asked in 1908 the then Kapitan of Dulolong (these rulers were nearly equal in power with the rajas of Alor) to be the new raja of Alor. He refused to be real raja and only choose to be wakil-raja, or a sort of temporary-raja.
That dynasty delivered 3 rajas and 1 regent-raja (who ruled quite a long time) and now the chief of the dynasty is this crownprince.
Espacially the last ruling raja (the father of the present raja) was a sort of local hero, who showed the Dutch, that freedom was one wish of his live.
The present crownprince is a businessman and local politician as well.
Before he was the big man on the island, nowadays his political role is shared with his other activities.
He is very good informed about all kind of happenings on the island.
The present pretender of the raja-dignity of Alor of the Tulimau dynasty is Prince Drs. Mar Tulimau. His role is not so big,but he cooperates good with the Nampira-dynasty.
The Nampira dynasty actually comes from Lamakera principality on Solor island (east of Alor and Flores) according to local traditions.
The local title for Kapitan is Atabeng.
Before the rajas of Alor of the Tulimau dynasty were known as Lords of Alor Besar: that is the rea of the N peninsula. They had some influence in the other area,but their powerbase of influence was here. The actual principality of Alor was actually called Bunga Bali and was around the Kalabahi bay with it's powerbase.
That statelett was already described by European visitors in 1571.

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Panembahan Gusti Suryansyah of Landak

This very well-educated (scholar of local university) and friendly king in W-Kalimantan is also chief of the council of W-Kalimantan king. Known as being a real patient king for his people. Nearly 5 1/2 century the dynasty alerady rules the area, known for it's very big diamonds.
In W-Kalimantan the feeling for their historically grown kings are the most strong of Indonesia.

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Chief dynasty Soleman Amalo of Termanu

Termanu was before the Prussia of Rote with it's 19 principalities. He is the son of the last real big ruling raja, or Manek, but only is dynastychief.
Because of his health and of traditional practise (the youngesyounger son chosen as succesor) his brotherPrince Joel Amalo will be installed as new manek of Termanu in 2009.
The Amalo dynasty is extrmely influential and well educated in the NTT province.

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Sultan H. Gahral Adian Syah of Bacan

This N-Moluccan sultan was before the only monarch here, who really an area of his own to rule as a civil ruler. For a time he was that in nearby W-Halmaheira.
He didn't play a choosing role really in previous rivalry in the N-Moluccans.
Before Bacan was the most powerfull sultanate of the N-Molucans, later succeeded by Ternate.

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Raden Muhammad Asbi Assidiqi of Selimbau

Selimbau is one of the Upper Kapuas stateletts and considered as one of the most important in the area. These are inland principalities in W-kalimantan. Other of such principalities (compared as Andorra with Spain) are Jongkong, Bunut, Piasa, Silat and Suhaid.
He is the grandson of the last ruling Panembahan.Until 1923 they were abolished as independent principalities, because considerd by the Dutch as to little.
Nowadays the peoples and the dynasties are trying to refind the local identity, with which they have some difficulty.
The local culture however is strong and with the help of this extremely well-educated monarch of Selimbau they soon will find it again.

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Sultan H. Djafar Yunus Syah of Tidore

Actually the family of the last ruling Sultan of this N-Moluccan area considered the sultanate as ended. But the people had a need and asked the 5th degree descendant of the 19th century national hero Sultan Nuku to be their traditional leader. Since nearly 9 years he is functioning like that and also since some years in national parliament.Although a time of rivalry within the N-Moluccan society the harmony is restored now and people and sultans are working together in good harmony.
He is also a humble and softspeaking man, who has actually some strong basic principles of life.

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Sultan Azwar Abduldjalil Rachmat Shah of Langkat

Because of oil and plantations this in at the end of the 18th century very much enlarged sultanate in E-Sumatra was onced one of the most riches principalities of Indonesia together with Aceh Peurala and E-Kalimantan Kutai.
Extraordinary about this, is that this Sultan is chief of the economic planning department of Langkat, so as a civil government official still can stimulate now the well-being of his people.V ery special also to know, that the characteristics of the kings of the dynasty remains for generations until now. The Sultan of Langkat were always known as very symphatic persons.
Sometimes extremely intelligent and working hard for the well-being of their people.
This Sultan is very symphatic king, very humble and also quite intelligent.

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Raja Yusuf C. Makunimau of Kolana

The Makunimau dynasty is one of the best dynasties of Indonesia. Already his forefathers were described as extremely welwilling and cooperating monarchs of Kolana, which is in NE-Alor.
Kolana is one of the 4 bigger principalities of Alor: the others are Kui, Alor and Batulolong. Sometimes the people, espacially from outside the island, also reckon Mataru and Pureman to the list of Alor principalities. Pureman merged with Kolana in 1927,but kept under the rule of his own monarchs;now with title of Kapitan.
The present very popular Bupati/districtchief of Alor/pantar is also a meber of the raja-dyansty of Kolana: Ir. Ans Takalepeta.
The Raja dignity is rotating among 2 branches of the dynasty.
Actually the raja dynasty is the Taruwamang clan.
Like most of the raja dynasties of Alor,Pantar,Solor,Lembata and Adonara (areas/islands with a similar social system and cooperation as well) they are officially from outside the area in fact.
But that is no obstruction to be good leaders.
This dynasty originally comes from E-Timor, before from the Munaseli area on pantar, area later destroyed. The so-called outsiders dynasties came to the islands, settled on the coasts,intermarried with local clans, made business and were intermediary for the inland peoples to make business with the outside world and more and more were the rajas.
Most of the principalities of Alor are Christian,only the dynasties and part of the people of Alor and Kui are muslim. Pantar raja dynasties are all muslims.

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Kapitan Bastian C. Blegur from Barnusa

Barnusa is like the Riau-Lingga sultanate in East-Middle Sumatra an interesting principality. The is actually here one paramount Raja of the Baso-dynasty, but in this principality on Pantar island (North of Timor) there is another powerful ruling family, who can be regarded as vice-raja with title of Kapitan. In other areas in this province the title Kapitan mostly refers to districtchief only without mostly any sovereign power, but in Barnusa this is different.
The Blegur ruling family has their own responsibilty in a part of Barnusa and only cooperates strongly with the Baso-raja dynasty.
Kapitan Bastian Blegur is the grandson of last semi-sovereign of the Kalondama area and is given the title of Kapitan of Barnusa. Already for more than 35 years he is the real leader of the people.
The Blegur-family is also quite influential in the government of the district of Alor/Pantar.
Pantar is known as one of the few total unspoiled islands of Indonesia.

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